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Kana sounds and spelling

Dakuten changes k/s/t/h sounds to g/z/d/b; handakuten makes p. Small ゃゅょ combine with an i-row kana into one beat. Small っ holds the next consonant for one beat: きて and きって differ. Long vowels take two beats; おう often represents a long o, while Katakana uses ー. Practise the full Kana tab, then read these contrasts aloud.

か→が / は→ば→ぱ / きゃ・きゅ・きょ